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種子萌發是種子在適宜的水、溫、空氣條件下萌發的過程。在農業種植過程中,種子萌發的效果直接影響到種植效果。提高種子發芽率可以有效提高種子的利用率和生產效益的轉化效果。因此,種子萌發是農業領域廣泛關注的內容。種子發芽的條件是什么?在實驗中,人們通常使用種子發芽箱進行種(zhong)子(zi)萌(meng)發實驗(yan)。種(zhong)子(zi)發芽(ya)箱能(neng)提供種(zhong)子(zi)生長所需的條件嗎?它們(men)能(neng)被**控(kong)制嗎?
種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)萌發(fa)(fa)的(de)條件主要(yao)是(shi)水、溫(wen)度(du)、空氣(qi)和(he)光照。首先(xian),種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)(fa)芽需要(yao)水。種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)吸收水分后,內部會發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)一系列生(sheng)理變化(hua)并萌發(fa)(fa);第二(er)是(shi)溫(wen)度(du)。只有(you)在(zai)適當的(de)溫(wen)度(du)條件下(xia),種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)才(cai)能順利(li)發(fa)(fa)芽,而種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)(fa)芽所(suo)(suo)需的(de)溫(wen)度(du)并不(bu)均勻,但根據不(bu)同(tong)的(de)品種(zhong)(zhong)和(he)產地有(you)差(cha)異(yi);第三(san)是(shi)空氣(qi)。種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)(fa)芽需要(yao)吸收足夠(gou)的(de)氧(yang)氣(qi),同(tong)時釋放二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)碳;第四是(shi)光,但并不(bu)是(shi)所(suo)(suo)有(you)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)(fa)芽都需要(yao)光。大多數種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)在(zai)發(fa)(fa)芽前不(bu)需要(yao)光照。
要了解種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)(fa)芽(ya)需要什么條件,我們只需要在實際的(de)測(ce)試和確定過程(cheng)中(zhong),根據不(bu)(bu)同種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)發(fa)(fa)芽(ya)要求,創造這些條件,就可(ke)(ke)以(yi)使種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)順利(li)發(fa)(fa)芽(ya),確定種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)發(fa)(fa)芽(ya)率。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)(fa)芽(ya)箱(xiang)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)準確控制上述種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)萌發(fa)(fa)條件。無論(lun)是炎(yan)熱的(de)夏(xia)天還(huan)是寒冷(leng)的(de)冬天,外界(jie)環(huan)境的(de)變化都不(bu)(bu)會影響種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)(fa)芽(ya)箱(xiang)中(zhong)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)萌發(fa)(fa)。因此,有了種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)(fa)芽(ya)箱(xiang),可(ke)(ke)以(yi)隨時進行種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)萌發(fa)(fa)試驗,不(bu)(bu)受地(di)域和季節的(de)限制,不(bu)(bu)僅大大提高(gao)(gao)了效(xiao)率,而且提高(gao)(gao)了測(ce)定的(de)準確性,對發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)優(you)質種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)栽培(pei)具有重(zhong)要意(yi)義(yi)。
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